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A glacier drops into Sermilik fjord in southeast Greenland

 

http://www.online-trans.com/oltwebcenter/english/Images/Reference_images/1140291004.jpg

 

What's Making Glaciers Melt Faster

 ¹«¾ùÀÌ ºùÇÏÀÇ ÇØºùÀ» °¡¼ÓÈ­ ½Ã۴°¡

 

A new report sheds light on Greenland's quickening meltdown — and why that's distressing
¹«¾ùÀÌ ºùÇÏÀÇ ÇØºùÀ» °¡¼ÓÈ­ ½Ã۰í ÀÖ´ÂÁö, ±×¸®°í ¿Ö À̰ÍÀÌ °í¹ÎÀÌ µÇ´ÂÁö¿¡ °üÇÑ º¸°í¼­

By MICHAEL LEMONICK

Posted Friday, Feb. 17, 2006

 

The earth¡¯s climate is so complicated that science is still struggling to figure it out. That¡¯s why — unlike something like, say, quantum physics — it¡¯s hard to make accurate predictions about what will happen. So it came as no surprise, in a sense, that climate observers announced a huge surprise yesterday at the American Association for the Advancement of Science¡¯s annual conference, in St. Louis: the glaciers of Greenland, which carry ice from the interior out to the sea, have gone on a tear. They¡¯re flowing, on average, about twice as fast as they were a decade ago — and even back then, says glacier expert Julian Dowdeswell, of the University of Cambridge, "I was telling my students that they were among the fastest-flowing glaciers on Earth."

 

±âÈÄ´Â ¸Å¿ì º¹ÀâÇØ ¾ÆÁ÷µµ À̸¦ °úÇÐÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³¸íÇÏ´Â µ¥ ¾Ö¸¦ ¸Ô°í ÀÖ´Ù. À̰ÍÀÌ ¾çÀÚ¹°¸®Çаú¿Í´Â ´Þ¸®, ¾î¶² ÀÏÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÒÁö Á¤È®È÷ ¿¹ÃøÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ¾î·Æ°Ô ¸¸µå´Â ÀÌÀ¯ÀÌ´Ù. ¾îÁ¦ ±âÈÄ °üÃøÀÚµéÀÌ ¹Ì±¹ ¼¼ÀÎÆ® ·çÀ̽º¿¡¼­ ¿­¸° ¹Ì±¹ °úÇÐÃËÁø¿¬ÇÕȸ ¿¬Â÷ ȸÀÇ¿¡¼­ Å«, ³î¶ó¿î »ç½ÇÀ» ¹ßÇ¥ ÇßÀ½¿¡µµ, ÀÌ´Â ¾î¶»°Ô º¸¸é, ³î¶ó¿î °ÍÀ¸·Î ¹Þ¾Æµé¿©ÁöÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ¹ßÇ¥ ³»¿ëÀº (ºùÇÏ) ¾ÈÂÊÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¹Ù´Ù ÂÊÀ¸·Î ¾óÀ½À» ¿î¹ÝÇÏ´Â ±×¸°·£µåÀÇ ºùÇϰ¡ ¾ß´Ü¹ý¼®ÀÌ ³µ´Ù´Â °Í. ºùÇϰ¡ ¿òÁ÷ÀÌ´Â ¼Óµµ´Â 10³â Àü¿¡ ºñÇØ Æò±Õ ¾à 2¹è ÀÌ»ó ¿òÁ÷ÀÓÀÌ »¡¶óÁ³´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ½ÉÁö¾î ±× ¶§¿¡µµ ¡°Àú´Â ÀúÀÇ Çлýµé¿¡°Ô ÀÌµé ºùÇϰ¡ Áö±¸»ó¿¡¼­ °¡Àå ºü¸£°Ô À̵¿ÇÏ´Â ºùÇ϶ó°í ¸»Çß½À´Ï´Ù¡± ¶ó°í Ä·ºê¸®Áö ´ëÇÐÀÇ ºùÇÏ Àü¹®°¡ [ÁÙ¸®¾È ´Ù¿ìÁîÀ£]Àº ¸»ÇÑ´Ù.

 

The apparent cause of this suddenly far from glacial flow rate is global warming — not because all of the ice itself is melting so fast, but because record melting at its upper surface is letting water percolate down to the bedrock, where it acts as a lubricant. Another factor, says Dowdeswell: ice "tongues" that form where glaciers meet the ocean have broken up over recent years, removing a sort of roadblock that holds them in check.

 

ºùÇÏÀÇ À̵¿¼Óµµ¿Í´Â ÈÙ¾À °Å¸®°¡ ¸Õ, ÀÌÀÇ ºÐ¸íÇÑ ¿øÀÎÀº Áö±¸¿Â³­È­ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ´Â ¸ðµç ¾óÀ½ ±× ÀÚü°¡ ±×¸¸Å­ »¡¸® ³ì±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ºùÇÏ À§ Ç¥¸éÀÇ ±â·ÏÀûÀÎ ÇØºù ¼Óµµ·Î ÀÎÇØ ¹°ÀÌ (ºùÇÏ) ±â¹ÝÃþÀ¸·Î ½º¸ç ³»·Á°¡¼­ À±È°¼ö ÀÛ¿ëÀ» Çϱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. [´Ù¿ìÁîÀ£]ÀÇ ¸»¿¡ ÀÇÇϸé, ºùÇϰ¡ ¹Ù´å¹°°ú Á¢ÃËÇÏ´Â ¸éÀ» Çü¼ºÇÏ´Â ¾óÀ½ ¡°Çô¡± °¡ ÃÖ±Ù ÆÄ±«µÇ¾î, À̸¦ Á¦ ÀÚ¸®¿¡ ¹­¾îµÎ°í ÀÖ´Â ÀÏÁ¾ÀÇ ³ë»óÀå¾Ö¹°ÀÌ Á¦°ÅµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 

 

If all of Greenland¡¯s ice were plopped into the ocean, sea level would rise a catastrophic 20 feet or more. Until yesterday, most experts thought global warming might make it happen in a couple of thousand years. Now they¡¯re talking hundreds. It still sounds like a long time, but, says Michael Oppenheimer, a professor of geosciences and international affairs at Princeton, "that comes to a couple of feet per century, and that¡¯s more than society is equipped to handle." It doesn¡¯t, moreover, take into account the two mammoth ice sheets of Antarctica, which pack about 20 and 200 feet of potential sea-level rise, respectively, if some new process is discovered that speeds their disintegration. Given what¡¯s being reported in Greenland, the fact that nobody knows what that process might be should be little comfort.

 

±×¸°·£µåÀÇ ¸ðµç ¾óÀ½ÀÌ ¹Ù´Ù·Î ³ì¾Æ µé¾î°¥ °æ¿ì ¹Ù´Ù¼ö¸éÀÌ Àç¾ÓÀû ¼öÁØÀÎ 20Çǵå(1foot =12inch) ¶Ç´Â ±× ÀÌ»ó »ó½ÂÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¾îÁ¦±îÁö¸¸ ÇØµµ ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ Àü¹®°¡µéÀº Áö±¸¿Â³­È­¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ÀÌ Çö»óÀÌ 2000³â ÈÄ¿¡³ª ¹ß»ýÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀ̶ó°í »ý°¢Çß¾ú´Ù. ±×µéÀº ÀÌÁ¦ ¼ö¹é ³âÀ̶ó°í À̾߱âÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ±â°£Àº ¾ÆÁ÷ ±ä ½Ã°£À¸·Î µé¸°´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ÇÁ¸°¼¾ÅÍ ´ëÇп¡¼­ Áö±¸°úÇÐ ¹× ±¹Á¦°ü°è ±³¼ö [¸¶ÀÌŬ ¿ÀÆæÇÏÀ̸Ó]ÀÇ ¸»¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¸é ¡°100³â¿¡ 2ÇÇÆ®¾¿ ÇØ¼ö¸éÀÌ »ó½ÂÇϸç, ÀÌ´Â ¿ì¸®»çȸ°¡ °¨´çÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °Í ÀÌ»óÀÌ´Ù¡±. ´õ±¸³ª ÀÌ´Â À̵éÀÇ ºØ±«¸¦ °¡¼ÓÈ­ ½ÃŰ´Â °úÁ¤ÀÌ ¹ß°ßµÇ´Â °æ¿ì °¢°¢ ÇØ¼ö¸éÀ» ¾à 20ÇÇÆ®¿Í 200ÇÇÆ®ÀÇ »ó½Â½Ãų ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ³²±Ø´ë·úÀÇ µÎ °Å´ëÇÑ ¾óÀ½ÆÇÀ» °¨¾ÈÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÇöÀç ±×¸°·£µå¿¡ °üÇÑ º¸°í¸¦ °¨¾ÈÇÒ ¶§, ±×°ÍÀÌ ¾î¶² °úÁ¤ÀÏÁö ¾Æ¹«µµ ¸ð¸¥´Ù´Â »ç½Ç ÀÚü°¡ °ÅÀÇ À§¾ÈÀº µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. 

 

One interesting political note: Eric Rignot, the lead author of the Greenland study and an accompanying report in Science magazine, works for NASA¡¯s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (the glaciers¡¯ speedup was detected with a satellite). Just a couple of weeks ago, another NASA scientist named James Hansen, claimed he¡¯d been silenced by the agency for speaking out about evidence for global warming; the resulting furor led the NASA official who was involved to resign. Hansen¡¯s commentary on the Greenland result appears here. And when Rignot was asked yesterday whether anyone at the agency had tried to shut him up, he said he¡¯d been subjected to no such pressure.

 

Èï¹Ì ÀÖ´Â ÇϳªÀÇ Á¤Ä¡Àû ÁÖÀÇ: »çÀ̾𽺠ÀâÁö¿¡ ½Ç¸° ±×¸°·£µå ¿¬±¸¿Í ÀÌ¿¡ ¼ö¹ÝµÇ´Â º¸°í¼­ÀÇ ÁÖ ÀúÀÚ´Â ³ª»çÀÇ Á¦Æ®ÃßÁø¿¬±¸¼Ò¿¡¼­ ±Ù¹«Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù. (ºùÇÏÀÇ ÇØºù °¡¼ÓÈ­´Â À§¼ºÀ¸·Î ÃßÀûÇÏ¿´´Ù). 2ÁÖ Àü¸¸Çصµ [Á¦ÀÓ½º ÇѼ¾]À̶ó´Â ¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ ³ª»ç °úÇÐÀÚ´Â ³ª»ç·ÎºÎÅÍ Áö±¸¿Â³­È­ Áõ°Å¿¡ °üÇØ ¸»ÇÏÁö ¸»¶ó´Â ħ¹¬À» °­¿ä´çÇß´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÀÌ °á°ú·Î ÀÎÇÑ °Ý³ë´Â °ü·ÃµÈ ³ª»ç °ü¸®ÀÇ »çÀÓÀ¸·Î À̾îÁ³´Ù. ±×¸°·£µå°Ç °á°ú¿¡ ´ëÇÑ [ÇѼ¾]ÀÇ ÄÚ¸àÆ®´Â ¿©±â¸¦ Ŭ¸¯ÇÏ¸é º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª [¸¯³ò]Àº ¾îÁ¦ ³ª»ç¿¡¼­ ´©°¡ ±×ÀÇ ÀÔ¸·À½À» ½Ãµµ Çß¾ú´ÂÁö Áú¹®À» ¹Þ¾ÒÀ» ¶§ ±×·¯ÇÑ ¾Ð·ÂÀ» ¹ÞÀº ÀûÀÌ ¾ø´Ù°í Çß´Ù.

 

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